233 papers
This study validates the HemoCue method against the gold-standard DCM method in children aged 6–24 months in Bangladesh and proposes a revised hemoglobin cut-off of 11.00 g/dL to correct the underestimation of anemia prevalence caused by HemoCue's tendency to overestimate hemoglobin levels.
The paper introduces and validates miniMORPH, an open-source pipeline that enables automated brain volumetry from low-field MRI scans in infants, successfully capturing developmental growth trajectories and group differences despite requiring calibration for absolute volume accuracy in specific regions.
A mixed-methods study in Zimbabwe demonstrates that a co-developed intervention providing risk-differentiated support and two-week food packs to sex workers testing positive for COVID-19 was feasible, acceptable, and cost-effective, though addressing stigma remains crucial for optimizing future implementation.
This qualitative study in rural Edo, Nigeria, reveals that while older adults possess knowledge of healthy diets and cultural preferences, their dietary choices are predominantly constrained by structural barriers such as economic instability, limited market access, and inadequate government policies, necessitating systemic interventions to support healthy ageing.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of 49 studies evaluates six wastewater concentration principles, revealing that while magnetic bead-based and flocculation methods show superior performance for enveloped and non-enveloped viruses respectively, no single method universally dominates, highlighting the need for context-specific selection in environmental surveillance.
This qualitative study of gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) in Thailand reveals that while "hi-fun" (chemsex) offers a vital space for pleasure, intimacy, and community acceptance, it also entails significant risks, highlighting the urgent need to shift from abstinence-focused policies toward flexible harm reduction and structural reforms that prioritize dignity, safety, and equity.
This study conducted in Malawi reveals that while people living with HIV and the broader community generally accept the use of advanced Controlled Human Infection Models for pneumococcal and tuberculosis research, they emphasize the critical need for robust safety measures, informed consent, and culturally sensitive community engagement.
This mixed-methods realist evaluation protocol aims to determine how Healthy Conversation Skills (HCS) training enables diverse service providers to effectively deliver Making Every Contact Count (MECC) interventions by identifying which specific training elements work, for whom, and under what circumstances to inform future adaptations and public health policy.
This longitudinal study of over 18 million births across 3,108 U.S. counties from 2016 to 2021 reveals a significant increase in low birthweight rates driven by county-level socioeconomic and maternal health factors rather than metropolitan status, highlighting the need for targeted, place-based interventions to address structural vulnerabilities.
This mixed-methods study demonstrates that a low-cost, point-of-care microscopy toolkit enables community health workers in rural Nigeria to accurately diagnose urogenital schistosomiasis with rapidly improving accuracy over time, validating a feasible community-led strategy for disease elimination.
The implementation of the Mobile Application for Tuberculosis Screening (MATS) in Nigeria significantly enhanced case detection and surveillance, particularly within the private sector and northern regions, by identifying over 4,700 new cases, though its full impact is currently constrained by logistical and economic barriers to diagnostic follow-up.
This study establishes and validates a mobile laboratory workflow in Bangladesh that integrates on-site viral inactivation, PCR diagnostics, and amplicon-based sequencing to enable real-time Nipah virus surveillance in bat reservoirs, serving as a critical early warning system for outbreak prevention.
A cross-sectional survey of 146 physicians in Florida reveals that while overall knowledge of viral exanthem diagnosis and reporting is high, significant gaps persist—particularly among family physicians compared to pediatricians—highlighting the need for enhanced education to improve diagnostic accuracy and public health reporting as vaccine-preventable outbreaks rise.
This paper proposes a Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Network (ST-GNN) framework that integrates graph-based spatial relationships and temporal dynamics to significantly improve the accuracy of county-level opioid overdose death predictions across Ohio, addressing challenges posed by regional disparities through a hybrid modeling and classification strategy.
This secondary analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled trial involving 520 adults found that while electronic cigarettes were generally well-tolerated with no serious adverse events, they caused significantly higher rates of mild symptoms like cough, headache, and sore throat compared to non-aerosol substitutes, particularly when containing nicotine.
This multi-country cohort analysis of 1,438 tuberculosis patients across five Southern African sites reveals that while 80% achieved successful treatment outcomes, the overall 15% rate of unsuccessful outcomes (death, loss to follow-up, or failure) exceeds WHO targets and is significantly predicted by multidrug-resistant TB, lack of formal education, and low BMI, highlighting an urgent need for improved retention and management strategies.
Pathogenwatch is a scalable, public health platform that democratizes pathogen genomics by translating complex bacterial, viral, and fungal genome data into actionable, user-friendly insights for global surveillance and rapid response to emerging threats.
This paper presents a unified modeling platform and workflow developed by IARC/WHO that enables cervical cancer prevention policy modeling across 132 low- and middle-income countries by clustering nations based on sexual behavior and HPV transmission patterns to overcome data limitations and support efficient elimination strategies.
A study of over 10,000 women in Bristol found that while individual built environment features showed weak associations with depressive symptoms over an 18-year period, a combined factor of these features was significantly linked to depressive outcomes at baseline and short-term follow-up, though this association diminished over the long term.
This study in Sokoto State, Nigeria, validates anthropometric indicators like MUAC as strong predictors of biochemical deficiencies in severely malnourished children while highlighting a critical "hidden hunger" burden among those who appear nutritionally normal, thereby advocating for integrated assessment and multi-micronutrient interventions.